Pneumocystis Carinii Pneumonia. Pathogenesis. Diagnosis. Treatment

nuclei of the brainstem. In this theory, she attributes to the dorsal noradrenergic (locus coeruleus) system a role in processing exteroceptive cues; that is, enabling the animal to respond to significant environmental information. Alternatively, in this theory, the ventral system (non-locus coeruleus), which provides significant noradrenergic input to the hypothalamus, plays an interoceptive role crucial for innate motivational states such as sexual receptiveness in rodents. Such a division could be useful in psychiatry, perhaps to investigate discrepancies such as the distinction between panic states and generalized anxiety disorders. There is, however, little evidence to support the exclusion of the locus coeruleus from interoceptive mediation. In fact, the locus coeruleus has been implicated in a variety of appetitive behaviors. Iverson's interesting chapter may provoke further research to evaluate the behavioral significance of central noradrenergic systems. As is often a problem with edited texts, the first two sections of this volume, "morphology" and "receptors," cover similar material. Despite the overlap, these sections are highlighted by chapters by Lindvall and Bjorklund, Levitt and his associates, and Morrison and his collaborators, who collectively describe, as clearly as possible, the intricate patterns of cortical innervation by noradrenergic, serotonergic, and dopaminergic systems. This volume has several chapters which should prove useful to neuroscientists looking for a collection of reviews of the intricate anatomy of the cortex and its monoamine innervation. Several chapters also provide useful and simple introductions to experimental techniques employed in examining morphology and physiology. Although it is clearly directed toward the basic scientist, clinicians curious as to the machinations of the "black box" may find this text both stimulating and, as psychopharmacology progresses, increasingly relevant clinically.